Why It Matters

One year after the Supreme Court's June 27, 2025 decision in Trump v. CASA, Inc., a Congressional Research Service (CRS) report published July 7, 2026 finds that a substantial portion of legal challenges to Trump administration policies remain active. The ruling held that the Judiciary Act of 1789 does not authorize nationwide injunctions reaching beyond what is needed to provide complete relief to the parties in each case. Yet 41.2 percent of the 34 pre-decision injunctions identified by CRS remained in effect as of June 27, 2026, leaving significant portions of the administration's early agenda legally blocked, particularly in immigration policy.

The Big Picture

CRS tracked what happened to those 34 injunctions issued between January 20 and June 27, 2025. Beyond the 14 remaining as nationwide injunctions, courts converted two cases to classwide injunctions through class certification, narrowed two others to cover only named plaintiffs, and stayed two via appellate action. Five injunctions were vacated entirely. Two cases resulted in Administrative Procedure Act vacatur of underlying agency actions, and one reached the Supreme Court, which invalidated the challenged policy on the merits. Five cases were voluntarily dismissed.

The report identified 16 additional nationwide injunctions issued in the year following the CASA decision, bringing the total to 50 under the second Trump administration. While the pace slowed from 34 injunctions in roughly five months before the decision to 16 over the full subsequent year, courts have continued issuing broad relief, often by narrowing scope rather than abandoning the tool entirely.

The Bottom Line

Litigants have shifted strategy toward class actions and Administrative Procedure Act suits to achieve functionally similar results to nationwide injunctions, suggesting the CASA decision's practical impact may prove narrower than initially predicted. Congress faces unresolved questions about whether additional statutory action is needed to clarify the scope of alternative remedies or further constrain judicial relief against executive policies.

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